Alpes Lasers . TC-3 Datasheet Page 56
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Chapter 4: QCL Operation
4.1. Principle of operation
Quantum Cascade Lasers (QCLs) are unipolar lasers emitting in the mid-infrared from
4 to 20 microns. The laser is a ridge of InGaAs and AlInAs grown on InP providing
gain and a Fabry-Pérot cavity in order to build up the laser oscillations. ALPES LASERS
produces QCLs of two types:
• Distributed Feedback (DFB) QCL: a grating is etched over the active region to
force the operation of the laser at very specific wavelength given by the grating
periodicity.
• Fabry-Pérot (FP) QCLs are capable of producing higher powers, but are typ-
ically multi-mode. They emit in a broad range of wavelengths and can cover
more than 10% of the central emitting wavelength. FP QCLs are well suited for
applications such as liquid spectroscopy and high power emitting sources, for
which broadband emission is acceptable, and when no signal purity is required.
– Broadgain QCLs consist in FP lasers designed for maximum width of the
gain profile. They can be used as broad spectrum illuminators for spec-
troscopy or imaging. Combined with an anti-reflection coating, they are
suitable for use in an external cavity to obtain a tunable laser with a wide
tuning range.
– THz FP QCLs can reach wavelengths of 70 to 200 µm but must be oper-
ated under cryogenic conditions; contact ALPES LASERS for more details.
46 QCL user’s manual v3.1.3
- 2014 ALPES LASERS SA 1
- 2014 SA iii 3
- Typesetting conventions 6
- Contents 7
- 2014 SA ix 9
- 1. Overview 11
- 1.1. ALPES LASERS products 12
- 1.1.3. QCL mounting 13
- 2014 SA 5 15
- 1.2.3. TO3 Housing 17
- 1.3. Starter kit 18
- 2014 SA 9 19
- Chapter 1: Overview 20
- 10 QCL user’s manual v3.1.3 20
- 2014 SA 11 21
- 2014 SA 13 23
- 1.4. Peripherals 25
- 1.5. Fields of applications 26
- 1.5.2. THz 27
- 2. Safety 29
- • Visible damage 30
- • Severe transport stress 30
- 2.2. Notation 31
- 2.2.1. Symbols and labels 32
- ASER radiation hazard 33
- 3. Installation 35
- 3.1. Prerequisites 36
- 2014 SA 27 37
- 3.1.2. Cooling 38
- 3.2. Receiving procedure 39
- 2014 SA 31 41
- 3.3. Connections 42
- 2014 SA 33 43
- 3.3.1. LLH 44
- 3.3.2. HHL 45
- 3.3.3. TO3 46
- 3.3.4. LDD 47
- 3.3.5. CTL cable 48
- 3.3.6. CTLm cable 49
- 3.3.7. TC-LLH cable 50
- 3.3.8. TC-HHL cable 50
- 3.3.9. CPL cable 50
- 3.3 Connections 51
- Figure 3.11.: CPL cable 51
- 3.3.10. CIL cable 52
- 3.3.11. Connection procedure 53
- • LLH housing in pulsed mode: 54
- • HHL housing in pulsed mode: 54
- 4. QCL Operation 55
- 4.1. Principle of operation 56
- 4.2. ALPES LASERS datasheet 57
- 4.3. QCL spectra 58
- 4.3 QCL spectra 59
- Chapter 4: QCL Operation 60
- 50 QCL user’s manual v3.1.3 60
- 2014 SA 51 61
- • for a temperature of 0 62
- 2014 SA 53 63
- LPES LASERS QCL is 64
- 4.4.2. Maximum LDD voltage 65
- 4.4.3. Other DFB QCL plots 66
- 4.5. Beam Properties 67
- 5. Starter Kit Operation 69
- 5.1.1. Quick Start Procedure 70
- 2014 SA 61 71
- 2014 SA 63 73
- 5.2.1. TCU startup 75
- 5.2.2. Internal/external mode 75
- 5.2.3. TCU interlock 76
- Ω TTL Gate IN 77
- Ω TTL Output 77
- Ω TTL Trig OUT 77
- Ω TTL Trig IN 77
- 73*LQWHUQDOVLJQDO 78
- *DWH,QH[WHUQDOVLJQDO 78
- 2XWSXWVLJQDO 78
- 5.3 TTL Pulse Generator (TPG) 79
- LPES LASERS or 80
- 5.3.3. Maximum duty cycle 81
- 5.4. General procedures 82
- 2014 SA 73 83
- 5.4.2. QCL shutdown 84
- 6. Technical specifications 85
- 76 QCL user’s manual v3.1.3 86
- 2014 SA 77 87
- Figure 6.6.: HHL housing 89
- Figure 6.8.: NS mounting 90
- 80 QCL user’s manual v3.1.3 90
- Figure 6.9.: ST mounting 91
- 7. Maintenance 93
- 7.1.1. Handling 94
- 7.1.2. Contact set 95
- 86 QCL user’s manual v3.1.3 96
- 7.1.3. Procedure 97
- 2014 SA 89 99
- 7.2. Calibration procedures 100
- 2014 SA 91 101
- 7.2.2. TCU calibration 102
- 2014 SA 93 103
- ±1 Ω resistor. Note: 104
- 2014 SA 95 105
- ⇒ 0,99 A 106
- ⇒ 4,99 A 106
- 2014 SA 97 107
- Chapter 7: Maintenance 108
- 98 QCL user’s manual v3.1.3 108
- 2014 SA 99 109
- 7.2.3. TPG calibration 111
- 102 QCL user’s manual v3.1.3 112
- 2014 SA 103 113
- Ω . Choose 114
- A.1. QCL wavelength range 115
- A.2. QCL electrical response 116
- B.1. Direct QCL voltage 117
- LPES LASERS 118
- B.3.1. Principle 119
- B.3.2. Connection 119
- B.3.3. Procedure 119
- 2014 SA 111 121
- B.4. CW modulation 122
- 2014 SA 113 123
- C.1. LN2 Dewar 125
- C.2. Others 126
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